The Intrinsic Robustness of Stochastic Bandits to Strategic Manipulation

Jul 12, 2020

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Motivated by economic applications such as recommender systems, we study the behavior of stochastic bandits algorithms under strategic behavior conducted by rational actors, i.e., the arms. Each arm is a self-interested strategic player who can modify its own reward whenever pulled, subject to a cross-period budget constraint, in order to maximize its own expected number of times of being pulled. We analyze the robustness of three popular bandit algorithms: UCB, ε-Greedy, and Thompson Sampling. We prove that all three algorithms achieve a regret upper bound 𝒪(max{ B, Kln T}) where B is the total budget across arms, K is the total number of arms and T is the running time of the algorithms. This regret guarantee holds for arbitrary adaptive manipulation strategy of arms. Our second set of main results shows that this regret bound is tight— in fact, for UCB, it is tight even when we restrict the arms' manipulation strategies to form a Nash equilibrium. We do so by characterizing the Nash equilibrium of the game induced by arms' strategic manipulations and show a regret lower bound of Ω(max{ B, Kln T}) at the equilibrium.

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The International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML) is the premier gathering of professionals dedicated to the advancement of the branch of artificial intelligence known as machine learning. ICML is globally renowned for presenting and publishing cutting-edge research on all aspects of machine learning used in closely related areas like artificial intelligence, statistics and data science, as well as important application areas such as machine vision, computational biology, speech recognition, and robotics. ICML is one of the fastest growing artificial intelligence conferences in the world. Participants at ICML span a wide range of backgrounds, from academic and industrial researchers, to entrepreneurs and engineers, to graduate students and postdocs.

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